Thursday, November 28, 2019

The Brilliant Cinematography of Citizen Kane (1941) Essay Example

The Brilliant Cinematography of Citizen Kane (1941) Essay Citizen Kane has been voted the greatest American film to be ever made in poll after poll. And this assessment comes from critics, directors and fans alike. There are several reasons why this achievement is possible. When it was released in 1941, the film revolutionized and revitalized the art of filmmaking in Hollywood, which was languishing at the time in its own aura of complacency. The precocious genius of Orson Welles is stamped in all aspects of filmmaking – the direction, screenplay, storyline, camerawork, editing, casting, and even in the political messages contained therein. It is an anomaly though, that, though the film was nominated for 9 Oscar categories, it only won in one. (Jackson Merlock, 2006) The only plausible rationale for this discrepancy between its legendary status and lack of formal recognition by the Academy is that the film was way ahead of its time. The film pioneered and engendered so many facets of the filmmaking process that it took several years for members of the Academy to warm up to its accomplishments. This essay will focus on the cinematography of the film and highlight how it contributes to and enhances the overall cinematic excellence. The opening sequence of the film shows the funeral of the iconic American media baron Charles Foster Kane in his isolated residence in the monumental Xanadu. What follows is a10 minute obituary in the form of a newsreel that encompasses all the key moments in the life of the great man. Beginning with his childhood in the rural American wilderness, the newsreel traces how much wealth and power Kane was able to acquire during his peak. This newsreel sequence is one of the most original and brilliant in the history of cinema. The serious yet authoritative voice of the newsreel narrator ebb and flow in-tune with the events of Charles Kane’s life. The intonation, irony and subtle humour of this voiceover is executed to perfection. Matching this aural perfection is the visuals, which are some of the best montages ever assembled. The pace of the montage arrangement is brisk and the shots are short and crisp. The sequencing of these shots adheres to a musical rhythm, which is ag ain in tune with the rhythmic oration in the voiceover. What is striking about this montage is its visual display of power – either political or economic. The shots of elephants and horses airlifted to the private zoo in Xanadu are forever etched in the mind. It is difficult to lose the symbolism of power in air-lifting one of the biggest mammals in the planet. Likewise, the bird’s eye view of the sprawling Xanadu is a visual illustration of Kane’s wealth. When the voiceover narrates how politically influential Kane was, his image is embedded into a standard German propaganda shot of Hitler waving to a crowd. This is one of the earlier implementation of morphing and overlapping two discrete visuals into one shot. In the context of the film, not only was it humorous but also serves to illustrate the kind of political influence that Charles Kane wielded in his pomp. One of the most referenced scenes in the movie, illustrating Welles’ and cinematograp her Gregg Toland’s use of deep-focus photography is the one about the childhood of young Charles Foster Kane. So much has been its impact that, We will write a custom essay sample on The Brilliant Cinematography of Citizen Kane (1941) specifically for you for only $16.38 $13.9/page Order now We will write a custom essay sample on The Brilliant Cinematography of Citizen Kane (1941) specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer We will write a custom essay sample on The Brilliant Cinematography of Citizen Kane (1941) specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer â€Å"After Citizen Kane Deep focus photography became widespread, especially in the so-called film noir films of the following decade. Welles’ audaciously effective idea of combining miniatures with full scale settings in sweeping camera moves harkens back to 1930’s The Bat Whispers, photographed by Ray June, ASC for Roland West. The Kane visuals also have much in common with those of Mad Love (1935). It is evident that Toland originated some of the ideas that Welles utilized so perfectly, and that Walker and Dunn also influenced Welles. The collaboration of unit art director Perry Ferguson was even stronger than is usual between director, cinematographer and designer. Ferguson worked closely throughout with Welles in making hundreds of idea sketches to fit the evolving concepts of the film.† (Turner, 1991) Perspective is another device through which Welles conveys power equations in the film. One masterly use of perspective is Kane’s campaign for governor of New York. The hall in which he gives his public address is so grand in scale that people seated on stage look miniscule. The audience look even smaller and are shown in mere abstraction. There is a huge larger-than-life photograph of Kane placed in the background, implying the grandeur of his political ambition. This juxtaposition of the vastness of the auditorium and the miniature of the audience reinforces the high stakes of the political campaign. Perspective is likewise used in another scene where Mr. Thompson, the reporter looking for the story behind the enigmatic last words ‘rosebud’, interview Kane’s close associate Mr. Bernstein. Mr. Bernstein is by then the Chairman of the business empire left behind by Kane and jokingly tells the reporter that he’s got all the time in the world for this interview. The mise-en-scene for this scene is elaborate and precise. The chair in which Bernstein sits is too big for his size. But this is no error of oversight. It symbolizes a throne just as high shining black-hats represent the capitalist millionaire. The way the shot is framed, we see a high open window through which the towering skyscrapers of New York City are visible, further accentuating the position of power in which Mr. Bernstein is located. Citizen Kane and some other films by Welles have been noted for their dealing of visual space. In an illuminating essay, film critic Hector Currie has pointed â€Å"to a tension or duality in the film between containment and release†. (Jaffe, 1979) The film encompasses a wide assortment of places and journeys, but it distinctly returns to â€Å"spatial dilemmas and movements too fundamental for the hero of the film or the viewer to ignore.† (Jaffe, 1979) This duality of containment and release in Citizen Kane â€Å"persists in the succession of shots we encounter once we are within the mansion. The presiding significance of the window mediating that duality also continues. Inside we are confronted not only by the bed we began to discern from outside the window but also by the vague shape of a figure prone in the bed. In three shots we will see that the figure is Kane dying. The access we have gained is to a rather special room, the chamber of his death. Furthermore, in the dissolve from the exterior shot of the window to the interior shot, the ledge of the window has come to coincide with the lower horizontal line of the bed. The window has conducted us, then, directly to Kane’s deathbed. Yet more important is that the coincidence of window ledge and bed implies that Kane is dying on the threshold between open and closed space.† (Jaffe, 1979) In their palatial abode in Xanadu, the slowly declining relationship of Charles Kane and his ever estranging wife Susan Alexander is shown with great visual effect. The use of space is exploited very well by cinematographer Gregg Toland. The palatial mansion in which they live a secluded life separates the couple more than offering them privacy. Even the words they speak give out echoes due to the acoustics of the hall, thereby creating an artificiality and lack of intimacy in their communication. There is one poignant scene in this sequence, where Susan will be solving a jigsaw puzzle by the fireside. The size of the fireside is unusually big and it creates the illusion of an unassuming victim sitting beside a Chinese fire dragon which is about to swallow the former. It is scenes like these will underscore the visual brilliance of Citizen Kane. Its visual symbolisms, perspectives, lighting and framing are so brilliant that even watching the film in mute is a pleasurable experien ce. Indeed watching it thus opens up a new dimension in the appreciation of the film. The interplay of the visual and aural mediums into producing a synchronous whole is even comparable to that of an opera. For example,

Monday, November 25, 2019

Behavioral and Emotional Disorders in Special Education

Behavioral and Emotional Disorders in Special Education Behavioral and emotional disorders fall under the rubric of Emotional Disturbance, Emotional Support, Severely Emotionally Challenged, or other state designations. Emotional Disturbance is the descriptive designation for behavioral and emotional disorders in the Federal Law, the Individuals with Disabilities Education Act (IDEA). Emotional disturbances are those that occur over an extended period and prevent children from succeeding educationally or socially in a school setting. They are characterized by one or more of the following: An inability to learn that cannot be explained by intellectual, sensory, or health factors.An inability to create or sustain reciprocal relationships with peers and teachers.Inappropriate types of behavior or feelings in typical situations or environments.A pervasive mood of unhappiness or depression.Frequent occurrences of physical symptoms or fears attached to personal or school problems. Children who are given an ED diagnosis often receive special education support while participating in general education. Many, however, are placed in self-contained programs to gain the behavioral, social and emotional skills and learn strategies that will help them succeed in general education settings. Unfortunately, many children with diagnoses of Emotional Disturbance are put into special programs to remove them from local schools that have failed to address their needs. Behavioral Disabilities Behavioral disabilities are those that cannot be attributed to psychiatric disorders such as major depression, schizophrenia, or developmental disorders such as Autism Spectrum Disorders. Behavioral disabilities are identified in children whose behavior prevents them from functioning successfully in educational settings, putting either themselves or their peers in danger, and preventing them from participating fully in the general education program. The Behavioral Disabilities fall into two categories: Conduct Disorders: Of the two behavioral designations, Conduct Disorder is the more severe. According to the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual IV-TR, Conduct Disorder: The essential feature of conduct disorder is a repetitive and persistent pattern of behavior in which the basic rights of others or major age-appropriate societal norms or rules are violated. Children with conduct disorders often are placed in self-contained classrooms or special programs until they have improved enough to return to general education classes. Children with conduct disorders are aggressive, hurting other students. They ignore or defy conventional behavioral expectations, and frequently Oppositional Defiant Disorder Less serious, and less aggressive than a conduct disorder, children with oppositional defiance disorder still tend to be negative, argumentative and defiant. Children with oppositional defiance are not aggressive, violent or destructive, as are children with conduct disorder, but their inability to cooperative with adults or peers often isolates them and creates serious impediments to social and academic success. Both Conduct Disorders and Oppositional Defiant Disorder are diagnosed in children under 18. Children who are older than 18 are typically evaluated for antisocial disorder or other personality disorders. Psychiatric Disorders A number of psychiatric disorders also qualify students under the IDEA category of Emotional Disturbances. We need to remember that educational institutions are not equipped to treat mental illness, only to provide educational services. Some children are seen in pediatric psychiatric facilities (hospitals or clinics) in order to be provided medical treatment. Many children with psychiatric disorders are receiving medication. In most cases, teachers providing special education services or teachers in general education classrooms who will be teaching them are not given that information, which is confidential medical information. Many psychiatric disorders are not diagnosed until a child is at least 18. Those psychiatric diagnoses that are under Emotional Disturbance include (but are not limited to): Anxiety disorderBipolar (manic-depression) disorderEating DisordersObsessive-Compulsive DisorderPsychotic Disorders When these conditions create any of the challenges listed above, from the inability to perform academically to the frequent occurrences of physical symptoms or fears due to school problems, then these students need to receive special education services, in some cases to receive their education in a special classroom. When these psychiatric challenges occasionally create problems for the student, they may be addressed with support, accommodations and specially designed instruction (SDIs.) When students with psychiatric disorders are placed in a self-contained classroom, they respond well to the strategies that help Behavior Disorders, including routines, positive behavior support, and individualized instruction. Note: This article has been reviewed by our Medical Review Board and is considered medically accurate.

Thursday, November 21, 2019

Marketing portion update for a Electronic Medical record Business plan Research Paper

Marketing portion update for a Electronic Medical record Business plan - Research Paper Example In order to curb this, the institute of medicine suggested that EMR should be implemented uniformly in the industry to improve the efficiency of care givers. (Erickstad et al, 2011). Target Markets The examination of the target market must be conducted on the basis of important variables that essentially define the characteristics of the market to enhance the achievement of marketing objectives that have been outlined in this plan. Geographic Segmentation – Domestic and International The most significant method of segmentation which has been discovered during the course of this research in relation with EMR is that of geographic segmentation. Research by Accenture has projected that the countries that are most likely to increase their usage of EMR are mostly the Nordics, Australia as well as Spain since they are already leading in adaption of the same. On the other hand, the United States is expected to overtake even these nations in the use of Hospital based EMRs in by the en d of the year 2013. Expected Growth The aforementioned market segments that have been characterized on the basis of their location have displayed varying levels of growth however, a similar feature in this regard is that each segment is expected to expand even though, the extent of this expansion might be different and in accordance with the development of the healthcare system in the identified regions. The largest potential target markets are the hospitals overhauling their systems and incorporating EMR technology; while the risk is high, the rewards are bound to be proportionally high as well. In addition, large markets with significant growth potential especially in clinical support where the maintenance is outsources preferably by small players would provide a conducive target market for the EMR technology both from a domestic and global perspective. Characteristics of Customers Since the target market does not involve the participation of individual consumers, the major segmen tation variables for consumer markets such as demographic, psychographic and behavioral factors would be inappropriate to apply in their entirety however, behavioral patterns suggest that the customer’s attitude towards the product would be positive, with a readiness stage at which they are informed about its potential benefits and understand the benefits of the product. Total Market Valuation The growth trend in domestic and international markets for EMR implies that the market value of each of the identified regions is going to increase in coming years which is a positive sign for the company. According to research based calculations and market assessments the potential value of the market for EMR in the United States currently stands at a staggering $17 billion. This figure has been derived from prior calculations which reported the market value to be $15.7 in 2010. Consequently, similar observations are expected for countries such as Australia and Spain. However, inflatio n rate, exchange rate fluctuations and external factors such as taxes must be taken into account before arriving at concrete figures. Total Company Revenue The company’s commitment to the client is the provision of a high-quality product and our dedication is not limited to the delivery and installation of the product but it also extends to an extensive period of service. The primary costs of EMR that the client shall incur once an order for the product is placed are divided amongst the following categories:

Wednesday, November 20, 2019

Poverty has been a big economic problem in the world Term Paper

Poverty has been a big economic problem in the world - Term Paper Example Taking for instance, lack of income is brought out as poverty, but it is unreliable to measure. It may also be related to consumption. Poverty is mostly what is seen to be and what has been measured. The comparisons of these provide a scope that has an endless debate. Another angle can be taken as material lack or want. In this, it tries to refer to little wealth or lack of some of assets like shelter, clothing, TV’s and radios. The other definition refers to the deprivation in capability, so much focusing in what one can and what one cannot do or cannot be. This goes beyond the lack of want to further include the physical capabilities or even the self respect from the society. [Squire, L, 1993] In this era, where there is a global meltdown, the evil, which is breeding in most of nations, has increased poverty levels among people. The world is now faced with a condition where the rich are getting richer while the poor are continuously getting poorer. The global cause of povert y is less talked about and, therefore, very little has been done as a direct strategy in alleviating this poverty directly. There are interconnections, which are assured by the globalizations as well as the rules. Also, practices and the judgments that apply internationally count in these interconnections. These are mostly from the leaders of the affluent countries or the major global actors like the international organizations, corporations and the powerful people. With such manipulation from the global leaders, the governments of those who are underprivileged and the people who are in them are so much helpless in alleviating the poverty that affects them. It is in this that one sees many of the people struggling for survival while the few continue enjoying the riches at the expense of many. The statistics on poverty show that even in nations like the US, which are developed, 15 to 25 percent constitutes of poor people. They are not able to provide for basic needs like food, shelte r and these have high populations. Where there are many adults and children as well. Most of the population lives below a dollar a day. 2. Discuss the major impact to society of the problem The society has been affected by poverty in a very great way. Poverty as seen has deeper roots that if not uprooted properly, will lead to a cycle of poverty better known as the vicious poverty cycle. It is a process of activities that are in a cause and effect state. The sociological readings have revealed that poverty is transferred from one generation to another, from family values, from these routines and standards of living, which leave little room for development and which are beyond anyone’s day to day operations. The situation of a family inclined towards a moment to moment viewpoint. The main concern, which is to provide for food and shelter, has been the major concern. Being able to provide a better habitat for the children to live in, being self sufficient and having futuristic plans are very vital. The effect as of poverty has been seen to have the same effects as the consequences of not gratifying the needs of the individuals. It has been noted that the poor are mostly emaciated and unwell. They mostly live in under standard conditions. Poverty leads to drug abuse and addictions that affect the health of the people involved. The poor are not able to afford the drugs that are needed to cure the diseases that are affecting them. [IMF, 2001] They end up using those that have been left out.

Monday, November 18, 2019

MHR2006 MENTAL HEALTH Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2250 words

MHR2006 MENTAL HEALTH - Essay Example 1049). It is estimated that this adolescents have a greater risk of developing drug and substance abuse as compared to adults. About 7.6 percent of adolescents, aged 12-17 meet the criteria of dependence on abuse of illegal drugs or alcohol (Burn, et al., 2004, p. 964). In terms of mental health problems, it is usually caused by abuse of drugs such as marijuana, and alcohol and it is the case in most situations that the mental problem tends to increase abuse of these substances. The above facts relate to johns situation in which case he started abuse of drugs such as marijuana at the age of ten. It is most likely that his drug abuse habits have been the root cause for his mental health problems. A comprehensive assessment of John’s situation will require the use of the basic screening and assessment approach of persons with co-occurring disorders given by the Substance Abuse and Mental Health Services Administration (Substance Abuse and Mental Health Services Administration, 2010). This will require a systematic assessment process that will be able to lead to an appropriate treatment plan for John. The first step towards assessing John’s co-occurring disorder is to engage with him and let him open up to share freely by creating a good rapport and comfortable environment. With this achieved john is able to share his situation and share important information that is required for the assessment process and diagnosis. Fortunately, the practice nurse attending to John has been able to achieve this state by making John feel free to share his story and problems. The second step involves identifying John’s family or any other collaterals who may be familiar wit h his history. This is because his condition may inhibit him from reporting accurate instances of his past or present. It is also important considering John’s

Friday, November 15, 2019

The Recording Of Lets Dance By David Bowie Music Essay

The Recording Of Lets Dance By David Bowie Music Essay He produced it and plays all rhythm guitar sections. Stevie Ray Vaughn recorded the guitar solo. He said in an interview that he sat in a corner and waited for his cue then added an improvised Albert King style solo. All in one take. This songs lyrical message is simple but David usually has a more complex character and this song seems to be a bit out of his style. That is why the song is not appreciated by a lot of Bowies fans. I see it as Bowies way of getting out of his skin, »Ã‚ ¿ letting his spirit run free forgetting all that holds up back to thinking with clarity. Bowie said that it was one of his lowest periods as an artist, although Stevie Ray Vaughn was credited on the album he wasnt still that famous and after that he became internationally famous with his own album. Bowie admits that this wasnt his best period creative wise but great at the time. Reinventing himself as an 80s pop icon was the kiss of death on his imitators such as David Sylvian, yet in truth the 2 becam e even more alike. It was almost like Bowie was playing him at his own game. LetHYPERLINK http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lets_Dance_(David_Bowie_album)HYPERLINK http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lets_Dance_(David_Bowie_album)s Dance was released as the first single from the album with the same title in 1983, and become one of his most successful records during that underrated part of his creative work. Bowies approach to the song and lyrics seems different compared to previous albums. The song is simple, but polished not neccesarily following the true image of Bowie in the seventies. The single was the fastest selling in Bowies career. It entered the UK single charts at number five and two weeks later the song stayed in top of the charts for a period of three weeks. That was Bowies only song to reach number one on the two sides of the Atlantic Ocean. It narrowly missed topping the australian charts, peaking at number two. Lets dance was the fourth best selling single in 1983. Lets Dance helped Bowie to find a new younger audiences, unaware of his past career in the 1970s. The piece was one of the most played on the Serious Moonlight Tour (the name came in from the lyrics in lets dance I have been using the studio version for the analysis which is approximately seven minutes and thirty eight seconds. There is an edit of that version for the single release of the track, which is shorter in length 4:10. The song was recorded and produced by Nile Rodgers. He had a strong influence on the song and was working with his band Chic at that time. Lets Dance was the most commercial product in the album according to Bowie. Thats why it was also chosen for title of the album. It represents his best work from that time. Almost like it was written to remind the public that hes still writing quality, in fashion music. He wanted to be famous and he achieved it once again. The song was designed to appeal to young generations at the time, but still he managed to combine the disco with his own style and that makes it harder. Nowadays the typical mainstream artists such as Lady GaGa appear to be a bit monotonous compared to Bowies work. All of her songs that are mostly played by drum machine and a single DJ. The usage of a DJ limits the improvisation in a piece, because that way you have everything controlled by a single person that has to do all the work. Theres a strong element of electronic instruments and sequencers involved in the production. Even on her live performances shes doesnt use real musicians and the music is played by a single DJ usually. It feels like its missing the human feel compared to Bowies art. Lady gagas music seems a bit narrow in terms of improvisations and experimenting with harmonies and melodies. She also tried to use the same dance clichà © with a song with the title Just Dance. In an interview she admits that she was influenced by Bowie who spent the majority of his early career pretending that he came to this planet from outer space. Gaga has been sporting a collection of shiny suits made popular by Bowies alter-ego Ziggy Stardust. Gaga once said Fashion is everything to me in contrast with her Bowie oversaw the downsides and benefits of using digital instruments, but he remained true in his nature. He changed, but while listening is easy to distinguish his version of Lets Dance to the one by Lady Gaga which is not that unique. They are both similar in the whole dance approach to the piece, but musically Bowies delivers a lot more musical content with regards to the solo of Steve Ray Voughn whos still a legend today. Bowies art is evergreen it should last for a long time and its not just the music that makes it. Its the whole approach to it, the makeup and the drama he makes. Twenty years later his music is still relevant to whats going on nowadays. As in the music video there are still many third world poor people. And the dance music still dictates the commercial industries. The Disco became mainstream or popular in 1978-80 Its roots are coming from the jazz, classical and soul music. At first the music was in support of the rights movements and homosexual people. There was major revolution in a musical cultural and ethical form in that pre nineteen eighties pop. One of the first underground dance genres was strongly influenced by chic. Similar to the way that Blues, Jazz and Soul were used as a platform for a cultural revolution the disco was mainly exploited by black people in the beginning until it became popular. Chic dominated the charts for several y ears with a series of carefully crafted songs, including Le Freak and Good Times. Before long, other artists were turning to Rodgers and Edwards for their production, arranging, and songwriting skills, resulting in massive hits like Sister Sledges We are Family. In 1979, Rodgers brought his magic touch to David Bowies Lets Dance and a few years later he hit solid gold, producing Madonnas landmark singles Like a Virgin and Material Girl. He later continued to work with a diverse crop of famous artists, including Jeff Beck, Eric Clapton, Mick Jagger, Duran Duran, David Lee Roth, INXS, Grace Jones, and even jazz legend Al Jarreau. Nowadays Rodgers heads up his own label and production company, as well as Sumthing Distribution, a national record distribution company. The song was produced mimic early dance production in the eighties, although recorded with acoustic instruments the gated drums and the delay effect on almost everything suggest that song was intended to recreate the atmosphere of the new decade. Nile Rodgers is known to use drum machines in most of his productions, even though the groove of the band is more important to him as a producer. The groove has to be right before the start of overdubbing. He never used a metronome in Chics records even thou they were supposed to be a dance band. Years later he developed that technique. Theres a melody in the bass that was performed by Carmine Rojas who is known for working for Rod Stewart as a bass player and also a music director. During his time with David Bowie he was one of the most respected bass players in the industry. He was introduced to Bowie by drummer Tony Thompson. Carmine and Tony knew met when they were playing together in Labelle. In 1986 Carmine worked as a studio musician on a song recording for Alphavilles album Afternoons in Utopia. The bass seems to be a bit artificial like it was double tracked with a synthesizer. Thumping the bass in that way gives it more character to sustain the beats typical for many records in that era. Theres also a guitar in these first eight bars that was performed by the producer Nile Rodgers. He was a producer and a guitar player at the same time. He first began his career as a session musician living in New York he had the opportunity to play at the famous Apollo theater on one stage with the likes of Screaming Jay Hawkins, Maxine Brown, Aretha Franklin, Ben E. King, Betty Wright, Earl Lewis and the Channels, Parliament Funkadelic. Later in the seventies he met bassist Bernard Edwards. Together they formed a band called the big apple band. They made a huge success with a single hit, which allowed them to tour and even an opening for the Jackson five on their first tour in 1973. The band was disbanded after the second album failed to reach enough popularity to provoke enough sales, but Rodgers and Edward didnt give up and joined the drummer Tony Thompson. With his influence in the band they recorded as a Funk-Rock band called The Boys, which played many gigs on the East Coast. Despite the huge interest from the labels to sign them they didnt have any luck just because they were black. There was a concern that the black artists were too hard to promote. The band was playing at the local pubs at that time. Another New York artist, Walter Murphy, had a band also called The Big Apple Band and Rodgers and Edwards were decided to change the band name to avoid confusion in the public. In 1977 the band changed their name to Chic. They begun recording material with back vocalist Luther Vandross mainly disco tracks. Their success later helped the disco become popular, two of their most popular songs were called Everybody Dance and Dance, Dance, Dance I think David Bowie thought of the song as a clichà © to what became popular since his last album. Compared to his old songs such as Space oddity (1969) Life on mars (1973) that changed peoples lives and influenced revolutions. Althought David Bowies frequent changes of image, direction and carrer have been written about and discussed to the point of saturation, his songs are often overlooked. For instance Space Odity, released in 1969 to coincide with the US landing on the moon was his first major hit. Bowies fascination with space figures frequently in his early carreer. After abouncing he was gay, he reinvented himself from hippy singer-songwriter into Ziggy Stardust full on glam rocker from another planet. With the same unusual combinations he used Lets Dance as a clichà © for that period of time and how the trends were changed. He wanted that to work with musicians of Chics class, because they were the godfathers of the disco that was pretty popular at the time. Most of their records have a similar feel of the bass line being chopped to eights and sixteenths in 4/4 in tempo. Although the line is in short rhythmical dura tions still theres a pulsing downbeat every crotchet, just like on modern underground dance music. The music tended to layer soaring, often-reverberated vocals, which are often doubled by synthesizers. The use of wah pedaled effects that sounds like metallic scratches in short durations. Peculiar backing keyboard instruments such string synthesizers and electro acoustic keyboards such as the Fender Rhodes piano, Wurlitzer electric piano, and Hohner Clavinet. Synthesizers are also fairly common in disco, especially in the late 1970s. The rhythm was usually played by spectacular, syncopated basslines (with common use of octaves) played on a bass guitar double tracked with synthesizers. The drum part was played on acoustic drum kit, African/Latin percussion or electronic drum machines such as the Simmons and Roland drum modules. Although some of James Browns songs are strongly influenced by black people the disco it still remains heavily improvised on stage, but with the disco there wa s a new way to improvise live with the recently invented digital and analog pads and samplers implemented in the recent technology development. A shift in the audience from younger generations introduced the disco as a new type of funk mixed with analog synthesizers that could hold a sustained and controlled downbeat and without the need of a real drummer. The fixed beat technology developed enough with the help of drum machines to ease the process of live production holding a fixed tempo without a need of a drummer and at the same time sacrificing the musical content in it. The role of Nile Rodgers was to balance these two aspects. The song begins with a voice intro performed by Bowie which reminds of something from the sixties called layered seventh. In the first bar there is only one vocal which is the first tone in Eflat major, then in every new bar there is a new vocal layered, the third and the fifth until reaching the dominant seventh major and resolving to first at the fifth bar (0:09)Thats where the basics of the pre-verse are formed. After the intro the chord verse structure is changed with a tonal centre of Bflat7sus . Followed by a Eflatseventh in the second bar. Fsharp in a six chord in the third bar and Bflat minor sixth in the fourth. In instrumental intro which consists of eight bars trumpet solo in the beginning performed by Mac Gollehon. It can be characterized as a jazz improvisation. Bowies voice enters the verse, which consists of sixteen bars. Theres a wooden block played percussion instrument played in sixteenths, a stereo delay is also applied. Splitting the signal into a dry sound, which is panned to the right and the delayed sound is panned to the left. Theres a short saxophone melody played by Bowie at the end of every eight bars in the first verse. A big amount of delay was used on the lead voice; it bounces in far left and right. The rhythm guitar and snare seem to use the same technique with using a long delay time. And then it goes to the chorus section with the lyrical content: With the harmony change in A flat in the first bar that goes to C sharp major and Eflat major on the phrase run with you and its repeated again by the guitar and bass. The whole melody line is repeated once again. And then on my love it goes from Aflat major through F minor, C sharp and E flat. The end part of the chorus from and tremble like a flower Is in Eflat major seventh followed by a Bflat7suspended4, eflat major again Fsharp major six chord and the whole chorus ends on Bflat minor sixth. ABBA Dancing Queen (1976) Andy Gibb Shadow dancing 1978, (B)Anita Ward Ring my bell 1979, Barry White »Ã‚ ¿ Youre The First, The Last, My Everything (1974), Hot Chocolate You Sexy Thing (I Believe in Miracles) (1975), Lipps Inc Funky Town (1980), Sister Sledge We are family (1979),

Wednesday, November 13, 2019

Scarlet Letter Essay :: essays research papers

"To be fully human is to balance the heart, the mind, and the spirit.'; One could suggest the novel The Scarlet Letter by Nathaniel Hawthorne, that one should not violate the sanctity of the human heart. Hester was well ahead of her time, and believed that love was more important than living in a lie. Dimmesdale’s theology and his inclinations render him almost incapable of action; Chillingsworth dammed himself, along with Dimmesdale. Hester was “frank with [Chillingsworth].'; Hester’s real sin, which she admits in her first interview with Chillingsworth, was to marry the old man. Neither loved each other. Hawthorne appeared to hint that Hester married him because of social and economic necessity; he appeared to have married her because he though she would bring a little life into his existence. The matter appeared doomed in Hawthorne’s eyes, and unnatural. Hester doomed herself when she married Chillingsworth, certified that doom when she committed adultery, and finalized that doom when she concealed Chillingsworth’s identity from Dimmesdale. The effects these events had were the separation from her society, her lover, her husband, her child, and her own best self. She did it all in the name of sanctity, for true love, and she paid the price. Dimmesdale was changed by the affair in a way that “ [he] grew emaciated; his voice, though still rich and sweet had a [tone] of decay.'; As a believing Puritan, Dimmesdale saw himself as “predestined'; for damnation. Hawthorne explained how the poor man “kept silent by the very constitution of [his] nature.'; Dimmesdale wanted to be with Hester, but he was weak. Hawthorne spoke about Dimmesdale’s bloody scourge in his closet, and how he beat himself with it. Hawthorne seemed to suggest that Dimmesdale’s “real existence on [earth] was the anguish of his inmost soul.'; Chillingsworth was a leech of evil, and Dimmesdale was his host. Chillingsworth continuously tried to get a confession from Dimmesdale: “No-not to [you]-an earthly physician.'; Chillingsworth sin was by far the greatest, as Dimmesdale stated: “That old man’s revenge has been blacker than my sin. He has violated, in cold blood, the sanctity of the human heart.'; This being the “unpardonable sin.'; One should not violate the godliness of a pure heart. Hester was a radical woman in her time, more like a 20th century woman. She knew that true love was more important than a phony, love-less marriage.